• Benign: refers to a condition, tumor, or growth that is not cancerous. It does not spread to other parts of the body or destroy nearby tissue.
• Malignant: refers to a condition, tumor, or growth that is cancerous in nature. It can spread easily to other parts of the body or destroy nearby tissue.
• indurated: a mass of very hard consistency to touch, like a stone.
• Prostatitis: An inflammatory condition of the prostate gland.
• Cystitis: An inflammatory condition of the bladder wall.
• Urodynamic study: It is a study that assesses how the bladder and urethra are performing their job of storing and releasing urine. Urodynamic tests can help explain multiple urinary symptoms related to the lower urinary tract.
• Cystoscopy: It refers to viewing the interior of the bladder through a flexible endoscope passed through the external urethral opening into the bladder.
• Transrectal sonagraphy: Ultrasonogrphy performed to view the prostate gland by placing the sonography probe into the rectum.
• Perineum: It refers to the area of the body in females which is located between the vagina and anus; and in males between the scrotum and anus.